Appendix

2. Every political committee, as defined above, shall have a chairman. and a treasurer before any contribution can be ac cepted or expenditure made. No. specific report of the organiza tion of a new political committee is required. However, the treasurer of every political committee must file a report with the Clerk' of the House of Representatives showing the name and address of each contributor of -one hundred dollars or more in anyone calendar year. The report must also show the name and address of each person to whom an expenditure of more than ten dollars was made in anyone calendar year. In actual practice it is generally accepted that all expenditures are listed in order 337 Appendix of their payment even though they are under the ten-dollar limitation, because recurring monthly charges could easily run the total payments over the ten-dollar limit. Likewise, it can be seen that it would be more practical to list all contributions, particularly those paid on monthly basis, rather than wait until the aggregate contribution of an individual reaches the one hundred-dollar limitation. The report must be filed between the first and tenth days of March, June, and September in each year covering the period through the last day of the preceding lTIonth. A report is also .required to be filed on the first day of January, complete as of the last day of the preceding year. Re ports are also required in a general election year between the tenth and fifteenth days preceding a general election, and an other on the fifth day preceding the general election.

3. The Hatch Political Activities Act provides that no political committee may receive or expend more than three million dol lars in any calendar year. However, here again this limitation applies· only to political committees. Inasmuch as the Hatch Act states that definitions shall have the same meaning as assigned to them by the Federal Corrupt Practices Act, it is obvious that the three-million-dollar limitation does not apply to inde pendent state committees. So in effect a local committee could spend an unlimited amount of money in a single state for Fed eral offices as far as the Federal Corrupt Practices Act and the Hatch Act are concerned. Of course they would be subject to the state laws. 4. The Hatch Act contains a· provision that limits anyone person's individual contributions to a political committee to five thousand dollars during any calendar year or in connection with any campaign for nomination or election for an elective Federal office. Contributions made to or by state or local committees are not subject to this provision. Here again it can be seen that this limitation applies to independently organized local committees, and an individual could contribute any sum he pleased to such a local committee. At the same time the local committee can make contributions to a national organization in any amount.

However, a "national" political committee is governed by the same limitations on contributions as an .individual. In other 338 Federal Laws Governing Political Action Committees words, a national committee is not allowed to ma~e a direct contribution in .excess of five thousand dollars in direct aid of any single candidate. However, contributions of greater than five thousand dollars may be made to independent state or local committees.

Index Abels, Jules, 156 Active Citizenship League, 308-9 A.D.A. (Americans for Democratic Action), 81, 93, 311 Adams, ~enry Carter, 152 Advertising: and freedom of the press, 263; political potential of, 273;. by citizens' groups, 302-3 Agriculture: farmers' interests, 51-2, 174, 282; Brannan Plan for, 1l8 20, 158, 328, 334; free market for, 20g-13 Aiken, George D., 121 Altgeld, John P., 73 American Commonwealth, quoted, 325 American Democracy and Natural Law, quoted, 5 American Economic Foundation, 266n Americans for Democratic Action, 81, 93, 311 Antitrust laws, 143-5, 224 Asquith, Henry Herbert, 27 Attlee, Clement, 33, 171, i78 Bancroft, George, 78 Banking, government in, 124-6 Barrett, Edward F., 6 n B.A.W.I. plan, 215 Beard, Charles A., 78, 79 Becker, Carl, 78 Bennett, Wallace, 272, 276 Bentham, Jeremy, 26, 157 Bill of Rights, 9 Black, Hugo, 118 n Blaine, James G., 19, 249 Blue Cross hospital plan, 197 Blue Shield medical plan, 197 Boas, Franz, 324 Bonds, private vs. government, 152-4 i Bracton, Henry,·!> Brandeis, Louis D., 145 Brannan Plan, t 18-20, 158, .328, 334 Bricker, John W., 254 Bryan, William Jennings, 74 . Bryce, James, 325 Bureau of R.eclamation, 133-5 Burke,Edmund: on liberty, vii, ix, 21-2; on progress, 23; definition of a political party, ~37 Burns, Arthur ,58--g Business: government in competition with, 120-39; government regula tion of, 139":""45, 17.5; bigness of,~ 145-7; protection. of competition, 224-7; political potentialities of businessmen, 274-7 Byrd, Harry F., 244 Byrnes, James, 244 Calhoun,John C., 237 Carson, Daniel, 225 Chase, Stuart, 93 Chrysler, W£\1ter, 20 Church of England, 178 Churchill, Winston S., 18g, 276 C.I.O.-P.A.C.,259, 309, 311 Citizen-action groups, 258-:312 Civil rights, 1l5-18, 208-9 Civil Service Commission, 220 Clark, Fred G., 266 n Classes in U.S. society, 19-20,35-8 Clayton Act, 143 Cleveland, Grover , 189 Coke, Sir Edward, 7, 17 Columbia Valley Administration, 114-15 Commissions, government, 139-41, 219-20 Communist Manifesto, 94, 126, 147 Index Conservative Party in Great Britain, 68-9 Constitution of the United States: purpose of, 4-5; lawyers' influence on, 7; personal rights in, 8-10; balance of power in, 10-12; states' rights in, 12-13; provisions for Presidency in, 14-15; provisions for party action in, 15-16; Supreme Court as interpreter of, 16-17; . avenues for socialism in, 84-6; Sixteenth Amendment to, 147 Consumer finances, survey of, 40-2 Cooke, Morris L., 217 Coolidge, Calvin, 246 Cooperatives, 136-9, 217-19 Corrupt Practices Act, 337-8 Council of Economic Advisers, 91 Coxey, Jacob,. 73 Curse of Bigness, The, 145 Cuyahoga County, 54 CVA (Columbia Valley Administra tion), 114-15 Davis, John W., 246 de Kruif, Paul, 196 n de Tocqueville, see Tocqueville, Alexis de Declaration of Human Rights, Uni ted Nations, 86 Definitions, xv-xvii, 6 n Democratic Party: Roosevelt's trans formation of, 86-7, 250-1; machine politics in, 87-8, 250-3; emphasis on government planning, 93;· birth of, 240-1; in the South, 243-5; in the North, 246-8; coalition pro posal, 253-7; see also New Deal Dewey, John, 78 .

Dewey, Thomas E.,. 245, 288 Discourses on Livy, quoted, 261 Disraeli, Benjamin, 3, 68-9 Division and Reunion, quoted, 17-18 Dixiecrat movement, 256 Doctors, political potential of, 278 Dominations and Powers, quoted, 333 n, 335 n Dondero, George A., 130 n Driscoll, Alfred E., 205 Driver, L. Robert, 50, 57 n, 162 Dunning, William A., 323 ii DuPont de Nemours and Company: nylon development, 215 Economic Expansion bill, 123 Economic Stabilization bill, 122 Economics of Welfare, quoted, 159 Education: revolution in, 77-9; and statism, 175-6 Electric power, government control of, 126-36, 216-17 Engels, Friedrich, 94 Ewing, Oscar R., 107 Fabians, 76-7 Farley, James A., 251, 262 Farmers: middle interests of, 51-2; Federal subsidies to, 118-20, 158, 328, 334; and statism, 174; free market for, 209-13; political po tential of, 282 Federal Business Enterprises, 124 Federal Reserve Board Survey of Consumer Finances, 40-2 Federal Trade Commission, 143 Federalist, The, quoted, 11-12 Federalist Party, 240 Fish, Hamilton, 19 Fisher, Irving, 151 Flanders-Ives bill, 198 Folsom, James, 244 Forgotten Man, The, quoted, 65-6 Fortune survey of college graduates, 331 .

Frankfurter, Felix, 118 n Freund, Paul A., 85 Full Employment bill, 122, 123 George, Henry, 73 George, Lloyd, 27, 150 "Germany's Raw Material Management," 77 Gladstone, William E., 27 Gompers, Samuel, 54, 75 Government regulation: Hamilton first exponent of, 27-9; types of, 29-30; limits of and conditions for, 3<>--4; of natural resources, 33, 126 36, 216-17; of agriculture, 118-20, 158, 328, 334; of business, 139-45, 175; of labor, 142-3, 174-5, 22<>--4; see also Statism Governors, regional conferences of, 208-9 Guerin, Freeman, 307-9 Guibert, Compte de, 185 Hamilton, Alexander: on checks upon power, 11-U~; creation of party system, 16; international intere~ts of, Ig;"Report on Manu factures," 28-9, 334 Hand, Learned, 85 Hanna, Mark, 75 Hansen, Alvin, 151 Harvey, "Coin." 73 Hatch Political Activities Act, 338 Hay, John M., Ig, 249 Health, sodalized, 106-g, 195-9 Helper, Hinton R., 36 Hill bill, 198 Hillquit, Morris, 100 Iioan, Dan, 100 Home ownership, 45, 61 Hoover, Herbert: international in terests, 19; creation of RFC, 125; plan for water use, 204 Hoover Commission: on Federal-state relations, 110; on Federal business enterprises, 120-1, 124; on taxa tion, 201-3; on?udgetary systems, 233 Hopkins, Harry, 113, 148, 192 Hughes, Charles Evans, 19. 249 Hutchinson, B. E., 320 ICC (Interstate Commerce Commission), .141, 220 Ickes, Harold, 130 Immigrants' effect on politics, 75-6 Impending Crisis, The, 36 Income: distribution in U.S., 39-41; and property ownership, 42-8;' of the rich, 56-9; New Deal limita tions on, 148 Income tax, llD-lI, 147-50 Industrial relations. Federal intervention in, 142-3, 220-4 Insurance ownership, 49 Interior. Department: control of re sources, 130-5, 205 Interstate Commerce Commission, 141, 220 Index Interventionism, xv Irrigation, government control of, 132-4 Jackson, Andrew, 63, 250 Jefferson, Thomas: and Locke, 9; and Federal-state relations, 12-13.200; and political parties, 16, 2.2; Oft tyranny of. the majority, 21; on human nature, 21; farmers' role in philosophy of, 52; aristocracy of, 68; on "public· welfare," 85 Jenks •.Edward, 5-6 Jewkes, John, 169-71 Johnson; Hiram, 73 Johnson, Tom L., 73 Jones, Jesse, 125 Kerensky, Aleksandr, 83 Kettering, Charles F.: on mass pro duction, 319, 320; on freedom in U.S. economy. 328; on production of bromine from sea, 330; on horizons of knowledge, 332 Key,V. 0., Jr., 243 Keynes, John Maynard, 76-7, 15 1 Kline, Allan, 213 Kuznets, Simon, 58-g La Follette, Robert M., 73,246 Labor 1 : number of wage earners, 52; government regulation of, 142~3, 174-5, 22b-4; political outlook. of, 53-6, 281-2 Labour Party in Great Britain, 27, 142 LangIie, Arthur, 114 Laski, Harold, 76, 184 Law, and constitutional government, 5-7 Law and Politics of the Middle Ages, quoted,5-6 Lawyers' influence on political institutions, 7,278 Lazarsfeld, Paul, 289 n,290 n Le Boutellier, Cornelia, 5 Lehman, Herbert, 96--7 Lending Agencies, 124 Lenin, Nikolai, 77 Lewis, John L., 53, 55 Liberal, definition of, xv iii Index Liberal.Party in Great Britain, 26-7 Life insurance ownership, 49 Lilienthal, David E., 34 Lincoln, Abraham, 14, 18 Lincoln, Thomas, 324 Link, Henry C., 100 Locke, John, 9, 10 Logan-Walter bill, 140 Long, Huey, 88, 166 Lowell, Abbott L., 290 Lutz, Harley L., 149 Machiavelli, Niccolb, 261 Madison, James, 15, 21 Maestri, Robert S., 280 n Magill, Roswell, 218 Maine Development Corporation, 216 Marshall, John, 14, 16-17, 48 Marxism: class concept, 20, 37; as seed of V.S. statism, 75-7; Com· munist Manifesto, 94, 126, 147; and capitalism, 184 Mass production, 31g-21 Maurois, Andre, 68-9 McArthur, Lewis A., 325 n McFarland, Carl, 21 9 McLevy,Jasper, 100 Medicine, socialized, 106-9, 195-9 Merrill, Allen, 218 Middle class: Marx on, 37-8; interests of, 3B-.40, 66-70; income of, 4()--2; property ownership by, 42-8; sav ings of, 49-51; "rich" vanishing into, 56-60; summary of economic conditions of, 60; political influ ence of, 63-5 Mill, James, 26 Mill, John Stuart, 26 Mises, Ludwig von: on politicians'

terminology, 98-9; on socialism, 185; on the destitute and capital ism, 193 Missouri Valley Authority, 114-15 Morrison, de Lesseps, 280 n Mundt, Karl E., 254 Murdock, Victor, 74 Murphy, Frank, 84 Murray, James E., 122 MVA (Missouri Valley Authority), 114-15 iv National Recovery Act, 80 Natural resources: government regu lation of, 33, 113-,15, 126-36; rec lamation of, 131-6; joint state Federal control, 204-8 New Deal: "Forgotten Man" slogan, 65-6; as source of statism, 79-81; bureaucrats in, 81-3; economic in novations of, 88-90; farm subsidy by, 118; income-limitation objec tive, 148; welfare philosophy, 157 8; objective vs. methods, 186-7; see also Roosevel t Newspaper Guild, 265 New York-New Jersey Port Authority,206 Norris, George, 76,,80, 113 Nourse, Edwin G., 91, 156 NRA (National Recovery Act), 80 o'Daniel, "Pappy," 244 O'Faohiin, Sean, 37-B Old-age security, 193-5 Oliver, F. S., 291, 292 O'Mahoney, Joseph C., 216 Ordeal by Planning, quoted, 169-70 Ownership and V.S. income groups, 42-8 P .A.C., 259, 309, 311 Pengree, Hazen S., 73 Pensions, 104-6 Pigou, A. C., 159 Positivists, 7 Pound, Roscoe, 140 Power utilities, government control of, 126-36, 216-17 Presidency, Washington's influence on, 14-15 President's Committee on Civil Rights, 116-17 Press, political role of, 263-5 Prince, The, 261 Progressivism, 73-5 Public Debts, quot~d, 152 Public Finance, quoted, 149 Public utilities, 126-36, 216-17 Publicity by citizens' groups, 302-3 Rankin, John, 114 Rathenau, Walter, 77 Reuther, Walter, 55, 93 REA (Rural Electrification Adminis tration), 131 Reclamation Act, 130, 132-5 Re<:onstruction Finance Corporation, 123-6 Regional authorities, 113-15, <204-8 Relief: rationale of, 191-3; old-.age security, 193-5; medical, 195-9 Report on Manujactures,28, 334 Republican Party: birth of, 240; in the South, 242-3, 245-6; infirmities of, 248-50; coalition proposals, 253-7 RFC (Reconstruction Finance Corporation), 125--6 "Rich," wealth loss by, 56-60 Risk capital, 167-9, 214--16 Robinson, James Harvey, 78 Robinson-Patman Act, 144 Roosevelt, Eleanor, 86, 160 Roosevelt, Franklin D.: attempt to sway Supreme Court, 17; interna tional interests, 19; "Forgotten Man" phrase, 65--6; New Dealers' worship of, 81-2; compared to Kerensky, 83; and, Dem{)cratic Party, 86-']., 250, 262; economic policies, 90-2, 150-1, 177; "human itarian"administrations, g6-S; author's break with, 98; regional authority plans, 113-14; views on boards and commissions, 139-40; income-limitation proposal, 148; likens economic system to "seam less web," 157; objectives vs.

methods, 186--7; "work and secu rity" as 'answer to man's wants, 188; and private investment in Federal projects, 232; analysis of vote for, 24'6-8, 288; comment on industry, 319; see also New Deal Roosevelt, Theodore: international interests, 19; on union members' Republican vote, 53; enlargement of Federal power by, 74 Root, Elihu, 19, :249 Roper, Elmo, 267 Rural Electrification Administration, IfJI v Index Salesmen, political potential of, 27D-3 Santayana, George: on democracy, 284-6; on government domination, 333 n; on preserving'liberty, 335 n Savings, individual, 49-51 Schumpeter, Joseph,7!7, 184 Seward, William Henry, 19, '249 Shaw, George Bernard, 76 Sherman Act, 143-4,' 146 Simpson, Jerry, 73 Smith, Adam, 10, 2'8 Smith, Alfred E., 96, 246 Social Security, 49 Socialism: definition of, xvi-xvii; in Britain, xvii; aim of, 24; as source of U .S.statism, 75-6; American opinion on, 100--1; not inevitable, 183-6; see also Statism Socialized medicine, 106-g, 195-9 Socrates, quoted, 243 Sombart, Wener, 77, 184 Soule, George, 93 South: civil-rights issue, 117; politics of, 241-6; coalition possibilities in, 253-7 Southern Politics, quoted, 243 Spargo, John, 37 Spence., Brent, 122 Spencer ,Herbert,2.7 States' rights: :Constitution~s defini· tion of, 12-13; Federal, usurpation of, 1°9-13 Statism: definition of, xvi; govern.

ment regulation by,27-34; sourcces of, 73-7; education and, 77-8; New Deal and, '79-83, 86-8; in' individ u.alstates, 83-4; Constitution and, 84--6; economics of, 88""'93; welfare appeal of,94-9; moral assumptions of, 172; see also Welfare state Steffens, Lincoln, 74 Stigler, George J., 225, 227 n Stimson, Henry L.., 286 n Stock ownership, 45-8 Stone, Harlan Fiske, 85 Sumner, William Graham, 165-6 Supreme Court.. 16-17 Taft, Robert: 1950 Senatorial cam paign, 53-4, 294, 309; advocates Index Taft (continued) private financing of Federal proj ects, 216 Taft-Hartley Act, 36 Taft-Smith bill, 198 Talmadge, Eugene, 24 Taxation: of incomes, 110-11, 147-50; as agent of statism, 147-50, 228-3 1; Federal vs. state, 201-2; Hoover Commission recommendations on, 201-3; of cooperatives, 218-19 Teachers, political potential of, 280-1 'Temporary National Economic Com mittee, 89 Tennessee Valley Authority, 79-80, 113, 204 Terminology, xv-xvii "Texas Regulars," 305-7 Thomas, Ivor, ix Thomas, Norman, 100 Tillman, Ben, 73 T.N.E.C. (Temporary National Eco nomic Committee), 89 Tocqueville, Alexis de:. on rule of the people, viii; on tyranny of the majority, ·21-2; on despotism in a democracy, 178-80 "Transfer payments," 162 Truman, Harry S.: and machine politics, 87-8; economic policies, 91-2; and Ewing plan, 106; spon sorship of grants-in-aid to states, 112; and Brannan plan, 118-20; and Full Employment bill, 122; speech on "selfish interests" block ing welfare program, 155-6; and Point Four plan, 159; appeal to farm vote, 174; objectives vs. meth ods, 186-7; and private investment in Federal projects, 232; analysis of vote for, 247-8, 288; party politics of, 251-2 Tugwell, Rexford, 93 Tucker, Rufus S., 42-4,47 TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority), 79-80, 113, 204 27 Masters ot Politics, quoted, 285 n Two-party system, 237-57 vi Unions: political influence of, 53-6, 174-5; jargon used by, 55-6; gov ernment regulation of, 142-3, 220-4 United Labor League of Ohio, 53 United Nations' Declaration of Hu man Rights, 86 Utilitarians, 26 Utilities, government control of, 126...;.

36, 216-1 7 Valley authorities, 113-15, 204 Veblen, Thorstein, 76 Wage earners, 52-6, 281-2 Wagner, Adolf, 147 Wagner Labor Relations Act, 36, 80, 142, 223 Wallace, Henry, 93, 285 Walpole, Sir Robert, 291 Warren, Earl, 83-4 Washington, George, 14-15 Webb, Beatrice, 76 Webb, Sidney, 76 Welfare state: appeal of, 94-9; dan gers of, 102-4; pensions in, 104-6; socialized medicine in, 106-9; and states' rights, 10g-18; regional authorities in, 113-15; civil rights in, 115-18; farm subsidy by, Il8 20; cooperatives in, 136-g; invasion of business by, 120-39; cost of, 157 69; see also Statism Whig Party, 240 Whitney, Eli, 319 Williamson, W. Reston, 105 n Willkie, Wendell, 288 Wilson, Scott, 280 n, 296 n Wilson, Woodrow: on an indissoluble union, 17-18; international inter ests of, 18-19; on Jefferson as an aristocrat, 63; on regulation by commissions, 140; on science of pol itics, 285 Women, political potential of, 279 80 Woodward, Julian L., 267 'Voolton, F. J. M., Baron, 276 A NOTE ON THE TYPE The text of this book was set on the Linotype in a type face called Baskerville. The face is a facsimile reproduc tion of types cast from molds made for John Baskerville (I706-:''75)from his designs. The punches for the revived Linotype Baskerville were cut under the supervision of the English printer George W. Jones.

John Baskerville's original face was one of the fore runners of the type style known as Hmodern face" to printers-a Umodern" of the period A.D. I800. The book was composed, printed, and bound by Kings port Press7 Inc. 7 Kingsport 7 Tennessee.