Chapter 34 of 35 · Individual Liberty by Benjamin R. Tucker
Index
INDEX B Bak()unine, M.-14. Ballot,! not test •of truth--.,.;62; object ot, 62. Bank of the People-133, 134. Banking, cost of-1I2. Basis of currency-131. Bast~aJ: F., illustration of interestBilgram, Hugo-72, 97, 99. Borrowing on a. free.· lllarket-:-l08. Boycott .and blackmail-28S; and its limit, .284; and liberty, 283; see also, Force. Building$, occupancy of-228. Butler, B. F.-81. Byingtotl, S. T.--122, 126, 186,215. C Cancellation of mutual bank notes-141-l44. Capital, ,abundance of, effect on ,i inteJj'est - 102-107;conftscation of, 277; how accumulated, 93 j interest. not paid for the use of, ~ 02-107 j nature of, 106; not 29 1 A Adam Smith~s "Wealth of Nations" -3~ 4.Aggression-,see •Compulsory coopera tion~ Government, Invasion, State.Anarchism cannot be harmonized with the Single Tax~ 189; defi nition of, 7; is consistent Mati che.sterism~ •64 j' •the opposite. of Archism, 199;. see also Authot ity, Communism, Democracy, Government, State, Socialism.
Anarchists are Jeffersonians - 13; not Communists, 15; mission of the, 21;. on land, 182, 192. Anarchy, defined-33; has construc tive 'Side, 32; would beestabJished by eVOlution, 56. .' Andrews, Stephen Pear1-275: on Pomeroy, •169 j on. Spencer, 276. Artificial monopolies should be· abol ished-205. 'Associations for detence - 25; see also Defensive associations, Pro tection, State, Voluntary· asso ciations. Autb,ority, .contrasted with free con tract-27-30; representing State Socialism, 3; see also Despotism, Government, .State, Tyranny. lent by bankers, 167; payment for t.he u~e of, 111; and prod uct tdentlcgtl". 9 ;a~d . product,State Soclahsm. dlsttnguishes ~ ; scarcity of does not affect 1nierest~ g1; and s tdll. dHfer enc~ between, 161; will. become avatlable. 262.. Chi1qren, rearing of, under AnarchIsm...:-14. Circulation of money illustrated .......,105. • .' Civic Federation meeting in Chi cage>---:248.
Communists not Anarchists - 15' Ch!c!1go, n91'.Anarchists, ·32. ,. CompetItion, the. antithesis of mon opo~Y-8;· and cooperation, 281; dental of, created. trusts 249' fatal .to usury, 187; the levelle; of I?rlces, 8 ja method of coop eration" 248 jnow one-sided. 8' of superior .sites .of land,224; see. ~lso CooperatIon, Free com petitIon, Free trade, Freedom Lais.sez fair-e. ' CompulSIon, every. form. of tried 95. Confiscation of capital aggression 2?7 ;0£ rent lead,s to. Commu·' ntsm, 235. Contr~ct or organism - 47-48; the 191~t to break, 57; why men, Convertibility· into gold of .mutual bank notes-l2S. Cooperation and competition -282' a form of c~petition, 248;·· s~ als.~ C<?mpetttxon, .Compulsory cooperatIOn. .. . Copyright-286;. see also· Patents Corporate privileges granted .by State--250. Costof banking-1l5; the just price --,-263; of mutual banking, by whom borne, 98. Credit s~rengthened by voluntary taxatlon~51; stronger· ina vol..
untary "State" 52 Credit-money, atte~pts ~t, suppressed by law - 153; see. at-so Free money, Mutual. banks Criminals made by the· State--26' punishme~t of not opposed, 58: Currency, baSI'S of-131; monopoly, Ve0rge on,. 162; non·interest blearing, . 175; see also Free money, Gold.
INDEX D Defence, a commodity-48; differs from government, 22. Defensive associations - 25; cannot become in vasive, 53; like churches, 48; protect all. in vaded persons, 48. Despotism, pleadings of-67; see also Government, State, Tyranny. Discovery gives no right to owner ship-286. Distribution of rent, of skill-211. Donisthorpe, W.-84. E Economic interest-what is it? 110. Economic rent, Anarchists do not deny the existence of-187; con fiscation of, tyrannical, 189; ex istence of, admitted, 217; is plunder, 209. "Einzige und sein Eigenthum," by Caspar Schmidt-24. Eminent domain-222. Equity regarding product and wage -157. Exchange, tool of-124. F Finance-see Banking, Capital, Cur rency, Exchange, Gold, Money, Standard of value. Force, . ballot representative of-81; see also Passive resistance, Revolution. Free banking cardinal doctrine of Anarchism - 127; the remedy, 10; see also Mutual banks.
Free competition, power of-l72. Freedom, effects· of, on economic rent - 188; incompatible with State Socialism, 63. Free labor compared to slave-260. Free land, no solution alone-I93. Free Life, The-213. Free market, borrowing in-I08. Free money and the cost principle176; effect of, on rent, 96; most important reform, 94, 95; see also Free banks, Mutual banks. Free trade, absolute, is Anarchy 9; in all things, 9; in banking, 158, 280. Freedom, difficulties of, imaginary 52; 'Society dependent on,63. G George, Henry-161, 181, 193, 198, 235, 237, 286. Gold, artificial market for-ISS, 156; value of, 152; value of, reducea by mutual banking, 154. Government, definition of-32; grad ual abolition of, desirable, 202; postal service dear, 267; pro hibited by itself, 69; Proudhon on, 28-30. Greenbackers on freecurrency-169; ignorant of their own theory, 173; position of, defined, 176. Greene, Wm. B.-I02, 134, 141; his views expounded, 152, 153.
H Harris, W. T., on liberty-62. Herbert, Auberon-213, 276; on "compulsion, 278. Homestead strike-257. I Ideas, property in-253. Increment, see Unearned increment. Individual, relation of the State tc20; relation of, to the State, 23; sovereignty of, 13. ~ Industrial combinations, Anarchism's attitude toward-257. Ingalls, J.' K.-I00, 109. "Instead of a Book," compiled from Liberty-v, vii. Interest abolished by mutual bank ing-;113; low, how caused,180; on money and other capital, 167; reduced by competition, 10; is unjust, 4; viability of, 102 107; see also Discount, Profits, Usury. Invariable monetary unit-128. Invasion, Anarchists enemies of-58' border line, 39; of. government: 22; tariff an, 68; see also Gov ernment, State,. Tyranny. "Involuntary Idleness/' a great book-97. IOU. necessity for-140. K Kitson, A., 127. Kropotkine, P.-262; not an Anarch ist, 15. L Laissez Faire, absolute-9.
Law of competition, credit brought under-88. Labor, cost of-186; entitled to free market, 254; how deprived of earnings, 60; the measure of price,S; necessity of tools for, 194; its product is its wage, 4; slave, compared to free, 260; and time, 164; unpaid, the So cialist complaint, 263; does not receive surplus wealth, 87. Laborer, hi'S lack of cap.ital-272; will not give up. society, 194. Land, basis for currency-94; free ing of, 189; holders of, ought not to be disturbed, 205; occu pancy and use of, 11, 192, ~15 235; occupying, ownership, 200; vacant, must be made free, 221. Land League Anarchistic-245. LassaIIe, F., on passive resistance 78. Lesigne, Ernest on the two Social isms-15-17.
INDEX "Letters to British. Wotk;men"-90. :Levy, J. H., on li~ert~~43. ... Liberly, an: Anarchist Jourllal-111 .. Liberty and the Ooycott-283; cap1talists deny, 259; the .enemies (),f, ,30; .the greater blessmg, 8.5; the lesser evil, 85; more deSir able than equality, 207; purpose of, 30, 31; what it will do, 190. M Machines, invention and manufacture o,f-286. :M:Ail§,.'1)tiva.te ea.rryinll ,of-265.Market, artificial, for gold-ISS, 156. Marx Karl-4; compared to Praudhon~ 4-10.Matured notes a.t mutual bank-'-146. Measure of'value and standard com pared'-117. Methods-see Boycott, For<:e, Pas sive resistance,' RevolutIOn, Se.. cession. " . Monetary unit. invar1abl~128. Money, circulation of l.- 175; mon ~poly of, 10; monopoly creates trusts 252; must be secur,ed. 170; ;ee also Capital. Cur ency. Free money, Gold, In erest, Standard of value. Monopolies, the' two greares -88; the four great, 9.
Monopoly , Anarchists refuse t sus tain'-:'210; cause of povert, 27; of currency,' Geori;e on, 162; effects of, 59. . tJMor~i4~o code of, utJder Atar~hY " .Most, ,John-263; not· an. An ch1st, Mutii~r~r~~;\;:l;f~~a~ i1:11 banks. .! Mutual .money" immediate rijdemp tion. not necessary~135-1f; security 'Of, 125. . ' Mutualism'-'see Cooperation. i I N Newspapers, unearned increment in Non~;;~~rs. injury to-223. Non-resi'stance-36, 41; see also Passive resistance. ' ... No-rent ·a€;itation in Ireland-247; movement in Ireland, 74. o Occupancy doctrine applied to mines -'-216~ ·217; of land must be personal, 227. Occupants of part of the land--229', 230. Occupying ownership of land-200. Ownership defined-203; and pos session, difference between. 73. P Par" mutual bank notes circulate at -126. Passiveresi'stance-41-42, 76, 81; of Irish Land League, 245 ; most potent weapon, 246; in Russia, 79; see also Non·resist ance.
Patents, a monopoly-12. Possession of land-231; and owner .. ship, difference between, 7~. Post, L. F.--230. Postal·" service, low wages, hardwork..,-270. Poverty, cause ot~(); result: o~ monopoly, 27. Power adds to itself-7; of govern ment to fix value, 147-149. Privilege, cause of usury-5; see also Monopoly, State. Privileges of capitalists---260, '261; of capitalists, and capital, State Socialism distinguishes, 7; cor.. porate, granted by' State, 25Q. Production. ownership comes fr'Om-286, 287; two moc:Jes·of expend ini' labor in,· 287. Profit affected,by interest---ll;' mon opolistic, 'creates trusts. 251; is unjust, 4. . . ' Property., chance element in-99; in ideas, 254; labor should be put in possession, 2; labor true basis of, 286 ; in literary·· ex pression, 287; perfection of, 74; under Atlarchism, 213-215; see :-a I 5,0 Occupancy, Ownership, Pos~ssion, Wealth. Protection secured by cooperation 13;· St,atenqt •. necessary to,. 60.
Protective· Tari:ffan evil-273. Proudhon, Pierre J., on Anarchism- , 8; economics of, -4; on govern ment, 25, 28-30 ; phrase, "Prop erty .is ,impossible, "211,; "Rev olut~on .of the :N'ineteenth Cen tury." !27;, on the standard of value, .PO; uses . words in dif ferent senses, 183. Punishment, Anarchy and-37; of invaders, 58, 65. R Ratio of security in mutual banks -123, 124. Redemption, immediate,of money not necessary~135-137;' in spe de of notes, 145. Rent affected by ,interest~l1; anni hilation of, 182;. collection. of, by force, 208; effect of compe tition on, 212; pooling of, 204; the price of monopoly, .165; and protection, 201; Ricardo's the ory true, 198; is unjust. 4; use of the word, 185; 'See also Economic rent, Land, Single Tax, Unearned increment.
INDEX Rent collector, State as-225. Revolution, blooQ.y, desire of ty rants-78; when time is ripe for, 55; see also Force, Passive resistance. Reward of capital-179; of labor ttnder free competition, 184. Right, different uses of the word 73-74; to keep unearned incre ment, 186; to land, 206; might is, 23; might the only, 191 ; social expediency the only, 73. Robbery, treated by Anarchists-42. Robinson, J. B.-36, 215. Ruskin, John - 90; compared to Herbert, 279. S Sale, an exchange of labor-184. Secession, to deny right of, is slavery ....:-55. Security necessary for mutual money -125; ratio of, in mutual banks, 123, 124. Single Tax, cannot be harmonized with Anarchism-189; frees only poorest land, 220; is robbery, 242. Socialism, functions of-3; ignorance concerning, 2; would regulate everything-, 7. Society an aggregation of individ uals-SO; Anarchists believe in, 65; laborer's desire for, 194.
Sovereignty of the individual-13. Specie redemption ultimate neces sity-143; standard of value, 132. Spencer, Herbert-27; on aggres sion, 40; errors of, 275. Standard of value necessary-119 121; need not he coined, 123. Stanford, Leland, land bank--171. State, abolition of,. and rent-199; can be restrained, 53; defini tion of, 21, 22; different from society, 50; different from vol untary association, 53·58; makes trusts possible, 249; must be made unnecessary, 31; nature of, 47-52; necessity of abolishing, 13 ; not concrete organization, 50; not founded on contract, 48; originated in aggression, 21, 22; power to~ should be delegated, 226; its relation to individual 20; as rent collec tor, 225; see also Authority, Defensive associations, Govern ment. State Socialism-see Socialism. Stirner, Max-24. Strikes in Russia-79-80; at Home stead, 257. T Tariff as an advanta~e-12; mon opoly, 11.
Taxation, resistance to--53-58; is robbery, 232; root of monopoly, 13. Taxes, collection of, an aggression -24. Time, element of, as affecting value -163. Trusts, result from denial of competition-249. ' Tucker, Benj. R., life and work of -iii·viii. U Unearned increment-18S' in other things besides land, 2l9. Usury dependent on monopoly-27; three forms of, 88; see also Dis count, Interest, Profits, Rent. v Value, artificial, of gold-lS9; of gold reduced by mutual hank ing, 154; power of government to fix, 148; standard of, need not be coined, 123; standard of, necessary, 119-121; variation in standard of, 118. Voltaire-13. Voluntary associations, enforce their regulations-54; protecting users of land, 214; and State, differ ence between, 53, 58; see also Defensi ve associations, Protec tion, Punishment. Voluntary taxation means dissolution of State, 31. W Wage only just income-4; of labor is its product, 4.
Wag~s defined-157; determined by mterest, 180; should equal prod uct, 157; and tariff, 67; see also Labor, Product, Reward. Warren, Josiah, on Anarchism-8 ; economics of, 4. W ealth, ~et~od of obtaining-87 ; monetizatIOn of, needed, 274; two ways of distributing, 190. "Wealth of Nations," Adam Smith -3. W ells, Fargo & Co. carrying mail 266. Westrup, A. B.-118. Wright, A. W.-135.
Individual Liberty
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