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Protectionism: the -ism which teaches that waste makes wealth by William Graham Sumner

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The complete text of Protectionism: the -ism which teaches that waste makes wealth by William Graham Sumner is free to read here, split into 55 chapters totalling 36,798 words.

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Chapters

  1. BY THE SAME AUTHOR162 words
  2. PREFACE681 words
  3. A.): The System of which Protection is a Survival.538 words
  4. B.): Old and New Conceptions of the State.1,102 words
  5. C.): Definition of Protectionism.—Definition of “Theory.”1,374 words
  6. D.): Definition of Free Trade and of a Protective Duty.324 words
  7. E.): Protectionism Raises a Purely Domestic Controversy.249 words
  8. F.): “A Protective Duty is not a Tax.”1,040 words
  9. CHAPTER II.: PROTECTIONISM EXAMINED ON ITS OWN GROUNDS.166 words
  10. A.): Assumptions in Protectionism.538 words
  11. B.): Necessary Conditions of Successful Protective Legislation.1,406 words
  12. C.): Examination of the Means Proposed, Viz., Taxes.698 words
  13. D.): Examination, of the plan of Mutual Taxation.646 words
  14. E.): Examination of the Proposal to “Create an Industry.”1,857 words
  15. F.): Examination of the Proposal to Develop our Natural Resources.906 words
  16. G.): Examination of the Proposal to Raise Wages.1,141 words
  17. H.): Examination of the Proposal to Prerent Competition by Foreign Pauper Labor.142 words
  18. I.): Examination of the Proposal to raise the Standard of Public Comfort.1,213 words
  19. Chapter III.: PROTECTIONISM EXAMINED ADVERSELY.167 words
  20. A.): Rules for knowing when it is Safe to Trade.749 words
  21. B.): Economic Units not National Units.810 words
  22. II.: PROTECTIONISM IS AT WAR WITH IMPROVEMENT.275 words
  23. A.): Taxes to offset Cheapened Transportation.723 words
  24. B.): Sugar Bounties.2,044 words
  25. C.): Forced Foreign Relations to Regulate Improvement which can no Longer be Defeated.1,231 words
  26. 3: PROTECTION LOWERS WAGES.90 words
  27. A.): No True Wages Class in the United States.1,328 words
  28. B.): How Taxes do act on Wages.710 words
  29. C.): Perils of Statistics, Especially of Wages.768 words
  30. 4.: PROTECTIONISM IS SOCIALISM.380 words
  31. (A.): That infant industries can be nourished up to independence and that they then become productive.493 words
  32. (B.): That protective taxes do not raise prices but lower prices.403 words
  33. (C.): That we should be a purely agricultural nation under free trade.247 words
  34. (D.): That communities which manufacture are more prosperous than those which are agricultural.204 words
  35. (E.): That it is an object to diversify industry, and that nations which have various industries are stronger than others which have not various industries.278 words
  36. (F.): That manufactures give value to land.330 words
  37. (G.): That the farmer, if he pays taxes to bring into existence a factory, which would not otherwise exist, will win more than the taxes by selling farm produce to the artisans.298 words
  38. (H.): That farmers gain by, protection, because it draws so many laborers out of competition with them.692 words
  39. (I.): That our industries would perish without protection.626 words
  40. (J.): That it would be wise to call into existence various industries, even at an expense, if we could thus offer employment to all kinds of artisans, etc., who might come to us.56 words
  41. (K.): That we want to be complete in ourselves and sufficient to ourselves, and independent, as a nation, which state of things will be produced by protection.258 words
  42. (L.): That protective taxes are necessary to prevent a foreign monopoly from getting control of our market.283 words
  43. (M.): That free trade is good in theory but impossible in practice; that it would be a good thing if all nations would have it.439 words
  44. (N.): That trade is WAR, so that free trade methods are unfit for it, and that protective taxes are suited to it.165 words
  45. (O.): That protection brings into employment labor and capital which would otherwise be idle.225 words
  46. (P.): That a young nation needs protection and will suffer some disadvantage in free exchange with an old one.239 words
  47. (Q.): That we need protection to get ready for war.152 words
  48. (R.): That protectionism produces some great moral advantages.662 words
  49. (S.): That a “worker may gain more by having his industry protected than he will lose by having to pay dearly for what he consumes. A system which raises prices all round—like that in the United States at present—is oppressive to consumers, but is most disadvantageous to those who consume without producing any thing, and does little, if any, injury to those who produce more than they consume.”390 words
  50. (T.): That “a duty may at once protect the native manufacturer adequately, and recoup the country for the expense of protecting him.”1,167 words
  51. Chapter V.: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION.2,078 words
  52. INDEX.2,561 words
  53. About Liberty Fund328 words
  54. The Online Library of Liberty235 words
  55. Copyright Information531 words

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