Under Public Ownership; L.E. Read

The popular notion is that a re source or service is the possession of we, the people, when it is un der government ownership and dispensation, and that we, the peo ple, are objects of exploitation when resources are under private ownership and willing exchange. Socialism - public ownership-will continue to expand as long as this notion dominates. In Brazil, for instance, private exploration and refining of oil re sources are denied to both domestic and foreign entrepreneurs. Gov ernment has a monopoly of this industry. As a consequence, Bra zilians innocently exclaim, "0 pe troleo e nosso" - the oil is ours! But if they will only look in their gas tanks, they'll discover two gallons from private enterprising foreigners to each gallon of what they· naively call "ours." The rea50 son for this? Government owner ship and operation produces only one-third the quantity required for local consumption; some 200, 000 barrels must be imported daily.

Had our Indians followed the Brazilian type of logic, they could have exclaimed, 500 years ago, "The oil is ours," even though they were unaware of this untapped re source. Or, to suggest a compa rable absurdity, we can, after planting the American flag on the moon, claim that satellite to be "ours." I only ask, what's the point in avowing ownership of any unavailable resource or ser vice? Public ownership, so-called, con trary to popular notions, is defi nitely not we-the-people owner ship. If it were, we could exchange our share in TVA or the Post Office for dollars, just as we can exchange a share of corporation stock for dollars. At least two conditions are nec1965 "UNDER PUBLIC OWNERSHIP, WE, THE PEOPLE, OWN IT" 51 essary for ownership to exist: (1) having title, and (2) having con trol. In Italy, under fascism, titles to assets remained in private hands but control was coercively assumed by the state. The titles were utterly meaningless. Without control, ownership is pure fiction.

While in some vague way "we, the people," are supposed to have title to TVA, for instance, we have not even a vestige of control. I no more control that socialistic ven ture in power and light than I control the orbiting of men into outer space. "But," some will counter, "neither do you control the corporation in which you hold stock." True, I do not perform the managerial function, but I do con trol whether or not I'll retain or sell the stock,. which is to say, I control whether or not I will share in the gains or losses. Further, I am free to choose whether or not to work for the corporation or to buy or refrain from buying its products. My control in the non governmental corporate arrange ment is very real, indeed. Who, then, does control and thus own TVA, the Post Office, and the like? At best, it is a nebulous, shifting control-often difficult to identify. Rooted in political plun der, government ownership and operation is an irresponsible con trol; that is, there is never a re sponsibility in precise alignment with authority. The mayor of a city may have complete authority over the socialized water system, but responsibility for failure is by no means commensurately as sumed by him. He "passes the buck," as they say. Most people crave authority provided responsi bility doesn't go with it. This ex plains, in part, why political office is so attractive and why "we, the people," do not even remotely own what is held in the name of public ownership.

One truly owns those things to which he holds exclusive title and exclusive control, and for which he has responsibility. Let any American inventory his posses sions. These will be, preponder antly, those goods and services ob tained from private sources in open exchange: power and light, cameras, autos, gasoline, or any of the millions of goods and ser vices by which we live. The things that are privately owned by others are far more available for one's own title and control than is the case in "public ownership." Public ownership often creates distracting and, at the same time, attractive illusions. For instance, people served by TVA are using twice as much power and light as the national average. Why? TVA charges less than half the price. Because of lower production costs? Indeed, not! The rest of us around 52 THE FREEMAN November the nation are taxed to cover the TVA deficit. But power and light acquired in this manner can no more classify as "ours" than can any good or service forcibly ex torted from true owners. To grasp what this socialism means if ap plied to everything, merely take a look at the Russian "economy."

Or take another example: The political head of New York City's socialized water system rej ected metering on the ground that water is a social service to which Goth amites are entitled as citizens. The illusion: How nice to live where much of the water is for free! Yes, except that the New York City water district, astride the mighty Hudson, is having a water famine. Now, this is public owner ship, pure and simple. But observe that the "public" ownership of water has all but dried up the availability of water for private use. What kind of a social service is it that, by depriving individuals of title and control, finally denies them the service! If private availability - owner ship in the sense of use, title, con trol-is what interests us, then we will do well to preserve private ownership and an open, willing exchange market. For proof, mere ly take a look in the gas tank, or the closet, or the garage, or the pot on the stove! ~ Reprints available at 2 ¢ each.

Problems of Compulsion AMENDING the Social Security Act to exempt the Amish from coverage and taxation, on grounds that insurance is contrary to their religion, embraces the idea that different laws shall apply to different religions. Personally, I want the same law to apply to all-regardless of religion or race. But if that concept of justice is to prevail in the United States with its compulsory Social Security laws, the peace ful Amish farmers must be deprived of their freedom to worship God as they think right. If Social Security were voluntary instead of compulsory - and if all its costs were paid by those who choose to join - Congress would not be faced with this issue of different laws for different religions. DEAN RUSSELL RE-EXAMINED PAUL L. PorROT IN A SENSE, it might be said that the Social Security program of the United States is the best in the world. At least, it would be diffi cult to name another country in which so high a proportion of per sons over 65 years of age can re tire in such comparative luxury at taxpayers' expense. Many older persons are simply amazed at how well they can manage on their So cial Security payments, while the more skeptical of those now ap proaching or already beyond re tirement age continue from long habit to make other provisions to save on their own - for those lean years in later life.