BIBLIOGRAPHY

1872 The Books of the Kings, by K. C. W. F. Bähr. Translated, Enlarged, and Edited. . . . Book 2, by W. G. Sumner, in Lange, J. P. A commentary on the Holy Scripture. . . . New York, Scribner, Armstrong & Company, 1866–82, 26 vols., VI, 312 pp.

1874 A History of American Currency. New York, H. Holt & Company, iv, 391 pp., two fold diagram.

1875 American Finance. Boston, Williams.

1876 Monetary Development. (In Woolsey, T. D., and others, First Century of the Republic. New York, Harper & Brothers.)

Politics in America, 1776 to 1876. North American Review, Vol. 122, Centennial number, pp. 47–87.

1877 Lectures on the History of Protection in the United States. . . . New York, published for the New York Free Trade Club by G. P. Putnam & Sons, 64 pp. Contents: The National Idea and the American System, Broad Principles Underlying the Tariff Controversy, The Origin of Protection in this Country, The Establishment of Protection in this Country, Vacillation of the Protective Policy in this Country.

1878 Esrle, A. L. Our REvenue System. Preface by W. G. Sumner. New York, published for the Free Trade Club by G. P. Putnam & Sons, 2 p. L., xi, 47 pp. (Economic Monograph No. V.)

Money and its Laws. International Review, January and February pp. 75–81.

1879 Bimetallism. Princeton Review, November, pp, 546–578.

Edition: current; Page: [378]

1880 The Theory And Practice Of Elections. Ibid., March, pp. 262–286, and July, pp. 24–41.

1881 Elections and Civil Serwce Reform. Ibid., January, pp. 129–148.

1881 The Argument Against Protective Taxes. Ibid., March, pp. 241–259.

Sociology. Ibid., November, pp. 303–323.

1882 Andrew Jackson as a Public Man. Boston, New York, Houghton Miffin & Company. vi, 402 pp. (American Statesmen). Edited by T. T. Morse, Jr.

Wages. Princeton Review, November, pp. 241–262.

Protective Taxes and Wages. Philadelphia Tariff Commission, 21 pp. Caption title.

Political Economy And Political Science. Comp. by W. G. Sumner, D. A. Wells, W. E. Poster, R. L. Dugdale, and G. H. Putnam. New York Society for Political Education. Cover title, 36 pp. Economic Tracts No. 2.

1883 What the Social Classes Owe to Each Other. New York, Harper & Bros., 2 p. I., (7)-169 pp.

1884 Our Colleges Before the Country. Princeton Review, March, pp. 127–140.

Problems in Political Economy. New York, 12mo., 125 pp.

Sociological Fallacies. North American Review, June, pp. 574–579.

1885 Shall Silver be Demonetized?Ibid., June, pp. 485–489.

Collected Essays in Political and Social Science. New York, 173 pp.

Protectionism. New York, 12mo., 170 pp.

1886 Industrial War. Forum, September, pp. 1–8.

Mr. Blaine on the Tariff. North American Review, October, pp. 398–405.

1887 What Makes the Rich Richer and the Poor Poorer? Popular Science Monthly, January, pp. 289–296.

Edition: current; Page: [379]

1887 The Indians In 1887. Forum, May, pp. 254–622.

State Interference. North American Review, August, pp. 109–119.

1888 Trusts And Trade Unions. The Independent, V. 40, pp. 482–483.

1888 The Fall in Silver and International Competition. Rand McNally's Banker's Monthly, February, pp. 47–48.

The First Steps Towards A Millennium. Cosmopolitan, March, pp. 32–36.

1889 DO We Want Industrial Peace? Forum, December, pp. 406–416.

What is Civil Liberty? Popular Science Monthly, July, pp. 289–303.

1890 ALEXANDER HAMILTON (“Makers of America”). New York, 12mo., 280 pp., Dodd, Mead & Co.

1891 LibertÉ Des Échanges. Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Eeonomie Politique, vol. 2, pp. 138–166, Guillaumin et Cie Paris.

The Financier and the Finances of the American Revolution. New York, 2 vol., 8mo., 309 and 330 pp.

1892 Robert Morris (“Makers of America”). New York, 12mo., 172 pp.

1894 Absurd Effort to Make the World Over. Forum, V. 17, pp. 92–102.

1896 Banks of Issue in the United States. Forum, V. 22, pp. 182–191.

The Fallacy of Territorial Extension. Forum, V. 21, pp. 414–419.

History of Banking in the United States (In Dods-worth, A. W., ed. A History of Banking in all the Leading Nations. New York, published by Journal of Commerce and Commercial Bulletin, 4 V. v.l., 3 p. l., ix to xv, 385 pp.).

The Proposed Dual Organization of Mankind. Popular Science Monthly, V. 49, pp. 432–489.

Edition: current; Page: [380]

1896 The Single Gold Standard, Chautauquan, V. 24, pp. 72–77.

1898 The Coin Shilling of Massachusetts Bay. Yale Review, V. 7, pp. 247–280).

The Spanish Dollar and the Colonial Shilling American Historical Review. V. 3, pp. 607–619.

1899 The Conquest Of The United States By Spain. Yale Law Journal, V. 8, No. 4, pp. 168–193.

1901 Anthracite Coal Industry, by Peter Roberts. Introduction by W. G. Sumner. New York, London, Macmillan Co., XII, pp., 11., 261 pp.

The Predominant Issue. Burlington, Vt. Reprinted from the International Monthly, V. 2, pp. 496–509.

Specimens of Investment Securities for Class Room use. New Haven, The E. P. Judd Co., 32 pp.

The Yakuts. Abridged from the Russian of Sieroshevski. Journal of Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, V. 31, pp. 65–110.

1902 Justification of Wealth. Independent, V. 54, pp. 1036–1040.

Suicidal Fanaticism in Russia. Popular Science Monthly, V. 60, pp. 442–447.

1904 The Fallacies of Socialism. Colliers Weekly, October 29, pp. 12–13.

1906 Address at Dinner of the Committee on Tariff Reform of the Tariff Reform club in the City of New York, 1906. 7 pp. Series 1906, No. 4.

1907 Folkways: A Study of the Sociological Importance of Usages, Manners, Customs, Mores, and Morals. Boston, Ginn & Co., V., 692 pp.

Sociology as a College Subject, American Journal of Sociology, V. 12, pp. 597–599.

1909 Mores of the Present and the Future. Yale Review, V. 18, pp. 233–245.

The Famly And Social Change. American Journal of Sociology, V. 14, pp. 577–591.

Edition: current; Page: [381]

1909 The Status of Women in Chaldea, Egypt, INDIA, etc., to the Time of Christ. Forum, V. 42, pp. 113–136.

Witchcraft. Forum, V. 41, pp. 410–423.

1910 Religion and the Mores. American Journal of Soci ology, V. 15, pp. 577–591.

1911 War (“War and Other Essays”). Yale University Press.

War. Yale Review, (new series). V. 1, pp. 1–27.

1

A considerable portion of what immediately follows is quoted or adapted from a letter of mine in the New York Nation for April 21, 1910.

1

“Religion and the Mores,” pp. 129–146 of this volume.

1

There is, in the Popular Science Monthly for June, 1889 (pp. 261–268). a Sketch of William Graham Sumner, which is largely autobiographical and which deserves re-publication. It touches upon several of the points noticed in this Introduction.

1

Says “the distinguished American economist,” quoted in the Sketch previously referred to: “... the results of his experience in the discussion of the relative merits and advantages of the systems of free trade and protection have been such that probably no defender of the latter would now be willing to meet him in a public discussion of these topics.”

1

“I formed a class,” he says, “to read Spencer's book in the parts as they came out, and believe that I began to interest men in this important department of study, and to prepare them to follow its development, years before any such attempt was made at any other university in the world,” Sketch, p. 266.

1

Curr, E. M.: The Australian Race, I, 86.

2

Dawson, J.: Australian Aborigines, 77.

3

Semon, R.: In the Australian Bush, etc., 225.

4

Smyth, R. B.: Aborigines of Victoria, I, 156, 160.

5

Abel, C. W.: Savage Life in New Guinea, etc., 130.

6

Krieger, M.: Neu-Guinea, 205.

1

Pfeil, J.: Studien und Beobachtungen aus der Siüdsee, 23.

2

Hagen, B.: Unter den Papua's, etc., 250.

3

Pfeil, J.: l.c., 125.

4

Kubary, J.: Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Núkuóro- oder Monteverde-Insein, 20; Ibid.: Ethnographischer Beitrag zur Kenntnis des Karolinen Archipels, 94; Bastian, A.: Die mikronesischen Kolonien, etc., 4.

5

Weiss, B.: Mehr als fünfzig Jahre auf Chatham Island, 18.

6

Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bombay (“J.A.S.B.”), I, 240.

1

Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland (“J.A.I.”), XI, 197.

2

Lewin, T. H.: Wild Races of South-Eastern India, 232.

3

Livingstone, D.: Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa, I, 232; II, 503.

4

American Anthropologist, N. S., II, 475.

5

Ibid., N. S., III, 612.

1

Chapters 12, 20.

1

Bureau of American Ethnology, 18, I, 293.

2

300, 302.

3

Bur. Eth., 17, I, 11; Am. Anth., N. S., IV, 279.

4

Am. Anth., N. S., IV, 558.

5

Bur. Eth., VIII, 36.

6

Eakimo Life, 180.

1

Pickening, W. A.: Pioneering in Formosa, 136.

1

Am. Anth., N. S., IV, 279.

2

Van Duyl, C. F.: Overzicht der Beschavingsgeschiedenis van het Neder-landsche Volk, 190.

1

Martins, J. P. Oliveira: As Raças Humanas, etc., II, 55.

2

Brinton, D. G.: Races and Peoples, 76.

1

Nachtlgal, G.: Sahara und Sudan, I, 439.

2

Ibid., I, 276.

1

Burchardt, J. L.: Notes on the Bedouins, etc., 90.

2

Grey, G.: Journals of Two Expeditions of Discovery in North-West and Western Australia, II, 243.

3

Curn: Australian Race, I, 69.

4

Spencer, B., and Gillen, F. J.: Native Tribes of Central Australia, 135.

1

Mathews, R. H.: Message-sticks used by the Aborigines of Australia, in Am. Anth., X, 290; Smyth, R. B.: Aborigines of Victoria, I, 165, 181; Curr, Australian Race, I, 92.

2

Roth, W. E.: Ethnological Studies among the North-West-Central Queensland Aborigines, 141.

1

Australian Association for the Advancement of Science, 1892, 648.

2

Finsch, O.: Ethnologische Erfahrungen und Belegstücke aus der Südsee, III, 311.

3

Snouck-Hurgronje, C. S.: De Atjèhers, I, 81–83.

1

Geijer, E. G.: Svenska Folkets Historia, I, 12, 112.

2

Montelius, O.: Sveriges Historia, I, 461.

3

Folklore, 1900, 285.

4

Stammler, C.: Ueber die Stellung der Frauen im alten deutschen Recht, 9_

5

Osenbrüggen, E.: Der Hausfrieden.

6

Van Duyl, C. F.: Beschavingsgeschiedenis, etc., 110.

1

Inderwick, F. A.: The King's Peace, 27.

1

Maitland, F. W.: Domesday Book and Beyond, 184.

2

Hale, H.: The Iroquois Book of Rites (in Brinton, D. G.: Library of Aboriginal American Literature, No. II), 68, 70, 92; Morgan, L. H.: League of the Iroquois, 91.

1

Morgan, L. H.: League of the Iroquois, 190; Hale, H.: Iroquois Book of Rites, 32.

1

Raynaldus, O.: Annales Ecclesiasticae, etc., 18. 423.

1

Gumplowicz, L.: Grundriss der Sociologie, 125.

1

Ellis, H.: Man and Woman, 4.

2

Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Núkuóro- oder Monteverde-Insen, 35.

3

Ethnologisk Skizze af Angmagsalikerne, 55.

1

Howitt, A. W.: South Eastern Australia, 149.

1

Howitt, A. W.: l.c.. 197.

1

Travels in West Africa, etc., 224.

1

Kingsley, M. H.: West African Studies, 377.

1

Lev. 12:4–7; 15:19–24.

2

Jewish Encyclopedia, IX, 663 f.

1

Étude sur la condition privée de la Femme dans le droit ancien et moderne, 195.

2

This may be seen in I Cor., chap. 7.

3

Apoc. 14:4.

1

I. Tim. 4 :3.

2

Satornil apud Iren., i, 34. 3; Tatian, ibid., 38. 1; Gospel of the Egyptians.

3

I Tim. 2 : 15.

4

Act Job., 113, 213.

5

Dobschütz, E. von: Christian Life in the Primitive Church, 261, 262.

6

Ibid.

7

Ibid., 263.

8

Contemporary Review, September, 1889.

1

Zscharnack, L.: Der Dienst der Frau in den ersten Jahrhunderten der christlichen Kirche, 5.

2

Renan, E.: Marc-Aurèle, 582-85.

3

De Cultu Feminarum, I, 1.

4

See Chrysostom: De Virginitate, I, 282.

1

Dill, S.: Roman Society from Nero to Marcus Aurelius, 48, 49, 76, 77, 81.

2

Gide: l.c, 215.

3

Cod. Theod., IV, 9.

1

Gide, l.c., 202.

2

Can. 13–19, caus. xxxiii qu. 5.

1

Geschichtschreiber der deutschen Vorzeit, XXXIII, 141.

2

A Voice from South America, XIII, 201.

3

Vannutelli, L., e Citerni, C.: L'Omo, 195, This tribe is located about 38° E., 51/2° N.

4

Haxthausen, A. F. von: Transkaukasia, II, 54.

5

Archivio per la Antrop., XXXI, 459.

6

Globus, LXXXVI, 393.

7

Wilkins, W. J.: Modern Hinduism, 339.

1

Wilkins, W. J.: Modern Hinduism, 10.

2

Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bombay, V, 72.

3

Zimmer, H.: Altindisches Leben, 318.

4

The story of Abraham, Sarah, and Hagar conforms exactly to the law of Hammurabi (Müller, D. H.: Die Gesetze des Hammurabis, 140).

5

Die Babylonische Kultur, etc., 30.

1

Gesetze des Hammurabis, 144.

2

Wincher, H.: Die Gesetze Hammurabis, Königs von Babylon um 2250 v. Chr., 22.

3

No. LXXXVI.

1

Harper's Magazine, No. 524, 201.

2

Maspero, G.: Histoire Ancienne des Peuples de I'Orient, I, 735.

3

Meissner, B.: Beiträge zum Altbabylonischen Privatrecht, 14.

4

Erman, A.: Ægypten und Ægyptisches Leben ira Alterthum, I, 223.

1

Maspero: l.c., L 707.

2

Marx, V.: Die Stellung der Frauen in Babylonien gemäss den Kontrakten aus der Zeit yon Nebukadnezar bis Darius, in Beiträge zur Assyriologie, IV, 6.

3

Ibid., 11, 30, 49.

4

Kohler, J., und Peiser, F. E., Aus dem babylonlschen Rechtsleben, I, 7, 8; IV, 28 ff.

5

Rogers, R. W.: A History of Babylonia and Assyria, II, 316.

6

Rawlinson, G,: Five Great Monarchies, I, 492.

1

Tiele, C. P.: Babylonische-Assyrische Geschichte, 596.

2

Herodotus, I, 199.

3

Müller: Gesetze des Hammurabis, 128.

4

Maspero: l.c., I. 588.

5

Ibid, 739.

1

Ihering, R.: The Evolution of the Aryan, 343.

2

III, 39.

3

Holtzmann, A.: Indische Sagen, I, 254.

4

Ibid., II, 108.

1

Holtzmann, A.: Indische Sagen, II, 18.

2

Ibid., II, 27.

3

Ibid., II, 266.

4

Manu, II, 213.

5

Ibid., III, 56, 60.

6

Hopkins, E. W.: The Religions of India, 382-384.

1

III 51.

2

Ibid., V, 154.

3

Ibid., IX, 45.

1

Jolly, J.: Ueber die rechtliche Stellung der Frauen bei den alten Indera, etc., 421–439; Zimmer, H.: Altindlsches Leben, 315–318.

2

Monier-Williams, M.: Brahmanism and Hinduism, 363.

3

Geiger, W.: Ostiranische Kultur, etc., 243.

4

Jackson, A. V. W.: Zoroaster, 20.

1

Darmestetter, J.: The Zendavesta, 126.

2

Tiele-Gerich: Geschichte der Religion im Altertum, etc., II, 1, 165.

3

Geiger, W.: Ostiranische Kuttur, 337.

4

Ibid., 241.

5

Spiegel, F.: Eranische Alterthumskunde, III, 679; Darmestetter, J.: Zendavesta, I, 46.

6

Herodotus, 9, 111; Plutarch: Artaxerxes.

1

Prov. 31.

2

Lev. 21 : 1; Ezek. 44 : 25.

3

Num. 30: 4; cf. Buhl, D. F.: Die socialen Verhältnisse der Israeliten, 30.

4

Deut. 21:10.

5

Deut. 21:15.

1

Ezek. 8:6–11; 22:9-11.

2

I, 3 : 13.

3

Eccles., chaps. 9, 19, 25, and 26.

1

Cf. I Cor. 11: 9–15.

2

Luke 2: 36.

3

Bousset, D. W.: Die Religion des Judenthums im neutestamentlichen Zeitalter, 401–404.

4

Ibid., 443, 445.

5

Bergel, J.: Die Eheverhältnisse der alten Juden, etc., 10.

6

Klügmann, N.: Die Frau im Talmud, 37–46.

7

Smith, H. P.: Old Testament History.

1

As in Num. 36.

2

I Cor. 7; the same doctrine appears in Rev. 14 : 4.

1

Cook, K.: The Fathers of Jesus, II, 127.

2

I Tim. 2 : 15.

3

Philo: Apology of the Jews, frag. a pud Eusebius; Cook: l.c., II, 7.

4

II, 35.

5

Maspero: l.c., I, 51.

1

Erman, A.: Ægypten, etc., 224.

2

Ibid., 87.

3

Maspero: l.c., III, 172.

4

Herodotus: II, 142.

5

Ibid., I, 80.

6

II, 92.

7

Maspero: l.c., II, 536.

1

Budge, E. A. W.: A History of Egypt, etc., II, 150.

2

6 : 24.

3

Erman A.: Ægypten, etc., 223.

4

Maspero: l.c., I, 300.

1

Paturet, G.: La Condition juridique de la femme darts ancienne Égypte, 42, 50, 54, 72.

2

Ægypten, etc., I, 217.

3

14 to 20.

1

Maspero; l.c., III, 797.

2

Paturet; l.c., 42.

1

Keller, A. G.: Homeric Society, chap. V.

2

Od. I, 277; II 53.

1

Od., XV, 26; IV, 208.

2

Ibid., IV, 12; XVI, 117.

3

Ibid., VI, 182-184; II., VL 407.

4

II., IX, 341–342; Friedreich, J. B.: Die Realien in der Iliade und Odyssee, 197–200; especially 199 on the sex mores.

5

Od, I, 431; Il., IX, 132; XIX, 261.

6

Il., I, 112.

7

Od., I, 356.

8

69.

9

De Civitate Dei, XVIII, 9.

1

Farnell, L. R.: The Cults of the Greek States, II, 448.

2

Beloch, J.: Griechlsche Geschichte, I, 258.

1

Lecky, W. E. H.: History of European Morals, etc., II, 291; Mahaffy, J. P.: Social Life in Greece, etc., 104, 117.

2

Bergk, T.: Griechische Literaturgeschichte, II, 197.

3

Politics, II, 5, 11.

4

Athenæus: Deipnoa, 25.

1

Xenophon: Economicus, 3, 14.

2

De Inventione Rhetorica, I, 31 (51).

3

Acharnians, 524.

4

Menexenos, 236.

1

Quoted by Athenæus, XIII 31.

1

Rohde, E.: Psyche, II, 237.

2

Mahaffy, 133.

3

II, 45.

4

Beloch, J.: l.c., I, 474.

1

Blümner, H.: Griechische Privatalterthümer, 260–264.

2

Müller, O.: Untersuchungen zur Geschichte des attischen Bürger- und Eherechts, 746.

1

Müller, O.: Untersuchungen zur Geschichte des attischen Bürger- und Eherechts, 795–797.

2

Bruns, I: Frauenemancipation in Athen, 19 ff.

1

Frauemancipation in Athen. 21.

1

Laws. 781, 805, 806.

2

Fifth and following books.

3

Prob., XXIX, 11.

4

Politics, II, 9, 2.

5

Ibid., IV. 8, 23; 15, 13.

6

Ibid., I. 5, 7; I, 13, 3 and 9; III, 4, 7.

7

In Stobæus LXX.

1

Friedländer, L.: Sittengeschichte Roms, i, 276, refers this tract to Seneca, and it is given amongst the fragments (de nuptils) at the end of Seneca's works, ed. Haase.

2

Beloch, J.: l.c., I, 232.

3

Ibid., 471.

1

Beloch, J.: l.c., 473.

2

Plutarch: Solon.

3

Line 21.

1

Plutarch: Agis and Lykurgus; Becker-Hermann: Charikles, last chapter.

2

Beloch, J.: l.c, II, 442.

1

Hansen, J.: Zauberwahn, Inquisition und Hexenprozess, etc., 211.

2

Ibid., 416,

1

Janssen, J.: Geschichte des deutschen Voikes, etc., VIII, 510, 511, n. 2.

2

Ibid., 517.

3

Hansen, J.: l.c., 473.

4

Lea, H. C.: A History of the Inquisition of the Middle Ages, III, 543.

5

Hansen, J.: l.c., 475.

6

Malleus, 76 (ed. 1576; Venice); Hansen, J.: l.c., 482–485.

1

Hansen, J.: l.c., 495,

2

Text in Hoensbroech, Graf yon: Das Papstthum in seiner sozial-kulturellen Wirksamkeit, etc., I, 384.

3

Janssen, J.: l.c., VIII, 508, n.

4

Lea, H, C.: l.c., III, 540.

1

Hansen, J.: l.c., 490.

2

Ibid., 187.

3

Ibid., 187.

4

Ibid., 176.

1

Lea, H. C.: l.c., III, 385.

2

Ibid., 515.

3

Scherr, J.: Deutsche Kulturo- und Sittengeschichte, 372.

1

Hoensbroech, l.c., I, 382, citing from Riezler, Hexenproz. in Baiern, 1.

2

Lea, H. C.: l.c., III, 434.

3

Hoensbroech: l.c., I, 516.

4

Lea, H. C.: l.c., III 533.

5

Flade, P.: Das römische Inquisitionsverfahren in Deutschland, etc., 102.

1

Lea, H. C.: l.c., III, 546.

2

L.C., 374.

3

Janssen, J.: l.c., VIII, 539, 633.

4

Krauss, F. S.: Volksglaube und religiöser Brauch der Südslaven, 123.

1

Scherr, J.: l.c., 369, 372.

2

Janssen J.: l.c., VIII, 546.

3

Symonds, J. A.: The Catholic Reaction, 1, 455.

4

Lecky, W. E. H.: History of the Rise and Influence of the Spirit of Rationalism in Europe, I, 82.

5

Scherr, J.: l.c., 375.

1

Hanssen, J.: l.c., 520.

2

Pt. II.

3

Verses, 18,565; 19, 110; 19, 302.

1

Lecky, W. E. H.: Rationalism, I, 103.

2

Hansen, J.: l.c., 510.

3

L.C., VIII, 585. See a list of them, Lecky, W. E. H.: Rationalism, I 105, and Janssen, J.: l.c., VIII, 351.

4

Baudrillart H. : J. Bodin et son Temps, 167,183, 494; Lecky, W. E. H.: Rationalism, I, 88, 107.

5

De Magorum Daimonomania.

6

Janssen, J.: l.c., VIII, 667.

7

Ibid., 637–639.

8

Ibid., 654.

1

Hoensbroech: l.c., I, 551.

2

Ebner, T.: Friedrich von Spee und die Hexenprocesse seiner Zeit; Hansen. J.: l.c., 445.

3

Lecky, W. E. H.: Rationalism, I, 128.

4

Witchcraft. A Collection of Modern Relations of Matter of Pact Conicern;ng Witches and Witchcraft Upon the Persons of People. To which is prefixed a Meditation Concerning the Mercy of God in Preserving Us from the Malice and Power of Evil Angels. Written in 1661. 12mo, pp. 64. It is very rare and is insignificant.

1

Sharpe, C. K.: A Historical Account of the Belief in Witchcraft in Scotland, 86.

2

Suggestion und Hypnotismus in der Völkerpsychologie, 429.

3

Sharpe, C. K.: l.c., 199.

1

Janssen, J.: l.c., VIII, 532.

2

Ibid., 687.

3

Ibid., 620.

4

Lecky, W. E. H.: Rationalism, I, 102.

5

Janssen, J.: l.c., VIII, 677.

6

Hansen, J.: l.c., 463; Janssen, J.: l.c., VIII, 517.

1

Hansen, J.: l.c., 463.

2

Hoensbroech: l.c., I, 515.

3

Geschichte der deutschen Frauenwelt, II, 167.

4

Scherr, J.: Deutsche Kultur- und Sittengeschichte, 379.

5

Lea, H. C,: l.c., III. 549.

6

Flade, P.: l.c. 90

7

Scherr, J.: l.c., 381.

1

Scherr, J.: l.c., 382.

2

Janssen, J.: l.c., VIII, 633.

3

Ibid., 531.

4

Ibid., 529.

5

Ibid., 533.

1

Ueber Wahnideen im Völkerleben, 249.

2

Lecky, W. E. H.: Rationalism, I, 123.

3

Hansen, J.: l.c., vii.

4

Scherr, J.: l.c., 359.

1

Jansen, J.: l.c., VIII, 646.

2

Rationalism, I, 115.

3

Ibid., 140.

4

Ibid., 123; Sharpe, C. K.: l.c., 64.

1

Ashton, J.: Social Life in the Reign of Queen Anne, 93.

2

Decline and Fall, Chap. XXV, n. x.

3

Upham, C. W.: Salem Witchcraft, I.

1

Hutchinson, T.: The Witchcraft Delusion of 1692, I, in New England Historical and Genealogical Register, XXIV, 381.

2

Hansen, J.: l.c., 6; on page 88 authorities are quoted from the Catholic writers on ethics.

3

Hoensbroech: l.c., I, 358.

4

Scherr, J.: l.c., 384 md Appendix.

1

Hoensbroech: l.c., I, 551.

2

Scherr, J.: l.c., 387.

3

Lecky, W. E. H.: Rationalism, I, 117.

4

Ibid., 118.

5

Hansen, J.: l.c., 532.

6

Sharpe, C. K.: l.c., 176.

7

Lecky, W. E. H.: Rationalism, I, 70.

8

Lea, H. C.: l.c., I, 561.

9

Lecky, W. E. H.: Rationalism, I, 139.

10

Umschau, VII, 241.

1

Globus, XLVII, 252, 264.

2

Reynolds, J.: History d Illinois, 51; date of the execution not given. Many modern eases are collected in the Popular Science Monthly, XLVII, 73.

3

New York Times, March 31 and April 7, 1895.

4

Ibid., October 26, 1897.

5

Harper's Magazine, No. 637.

6

Lecky, W. E. H.: Rationalism, I, 101.

7

Rationalism, II, 39.

1

Inquiries into Human Faculty and its Development, 210.

1

Robbins: A Christian Apologetic.

1

Eicken, H. von: Geschichte und System der mittelalterlichen Weltanschauung, 656.

1

Psychological Review, VIII, 337.

1

Riis, J. A.: The Battle with the Slum, 336.

1

Ammon, O.: Die Gesellschaftsordnung und ihre natürlichen Grundlagen, 94.

1

Deut. xxiii, 21.

1

Betzold, F. von: Die Lehre von der Volkssouveränetät während des Mittel-Alters, in Sybel's Zeitschrift, XXXVI, 313.

1

Luke 22: 38.

1

It has been objected that no proof is offered that social laws exist in the order of nature. By what demonstration could any such proof be given a priori? If a man of scientific training finds his attention arrested, in some group of phenomena, by these sequences, relations, and recurrences which he has learned to note as signs of action of law, he seeks to discover the law. If it exists, he finds it. What other proof of its existeaces could there be?

1

Noted in Chapter VI of Sumner's What Social Classes Owe to Each Other.

1

Reprinted from Appleton's Popular Science Monthly. Copyright, 1896, by D. Appleton and Company.

1

Chicago Tribune in the New York Times, September 4, 1900.

2

Comptroller's statements and newspaper comments thereon about September 22, 1900.