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Conceived in Liberty Companion · Volume III, chapter 46 · 19 January 1770

Bayonets against chains and sticks

On a sloping winter street red-coated soldiers with bayonets and cutlasses crash into a crowd of sailors and townsmen swinging fence rungs, sticks and a chain, while faces watch from windows and doorways of small houses.
New York, January 1770. Isaac Sears and the Liberty Boys have seized soldiers posting a handbill against them and marched them to the mayor, and now their comrades arrive to rescue them. On Golden Hill the troops with bayonets meet citizens armed only with chains and sticks. Rothbard notes the clash came nearly two months before Boston’s, and only fed a conservative backlash. Chapter 46 of Conceived in Liberty.

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Adapted from Murray N. Rothbard, Conceived in Liberty (Mises Institute, 2011), CC BY 3.0.

The story, from several sources

This account blends Rothbard’s chapter with the other sources listed below and has not yet been separated into Rothbard’s own account and the fuller story. Read Rothbard’s chapter 46 for his account.

In January 1770 New York and its garrison were already at odds. The soldiers took casual work for low pay, cutting into the wages of the city’s laborers, and they kept cutting down the Sons of Liberty’s Liberty Pole. On 19 January men of the 16th Regiment tried to post a handbill that called the Sons of Liberty dangerous enemies of the country. Isaac Sears and a group of Liberty Boys seized the soldiers and took them to Mayor Hicks. A larger party from the barracks, about twenty soldiers, came to get their comrades back, and on Golden Hill they met the crowd with bayonets and cutlasses. The townsmen had fence rungs, sticks and chains. Several people were cut, among them bystanders, and nobody died; officers marched the soldiers back to barracks. Rothbard points out the two months’ head start on Boston and then the difference. New York was ruled by a conservative landed oligarchy, not a popular radical leadership, so the fight made conservatives determined to crush the Sons. Within weeks Alexander McDougall was in jail for his broadside.

Sources

  1. Murray N. Rothbard, Conceived in Liberty (Mises Institute, 2011 single-volume ed.), vol. III, ch. 46, ‘Conflict in New York’, pp. 967-969, at p. 968. CC BY 3.0. Rothbard
  2. ‘The Battle of Golden Hill: Six Weeks Before the Boston Massacre’, Journal of the American Revolution, 27 October 2014 (16th Regiment handbill; about twenty soldiers from the lower barracks; bayonets, cutlasses and swords against rungs from the mayor’s house; no fatalities). Read through a fetch summary. Secondary source
  3. ‘God is Forgotten, and the Soldier Slighted’: New York City’s Golden Hill and Nassau Street Riots and the Affective Rhetorics of Crowd Violence, The Gotham Center for New York City History (Fly Market seizure by Sears and Walter Quackenbos, Mayor Whitehead Hicks, crowd armed with rungs against cutlasses and bayonets, winter’s chill). Read through a fetch summary. Secondary source
  4. Wikipedia, ‘Battle of Golden Hill’ (John Street between William and Pearl Streets; the height named for a wheat field; Sears seized soldiers at the Fly Market), consulted 2026-09-30. Secondary source